Everything you need to know about Construction Concrete Finishes

What do you mean by Concrete Finishing?

Concrete finishing refers to the final stage in the concrete construction process, where the surface of the concrete is treated, leveled, and smoothed to achieve the desired texture and appearance. This is done to improve the durability and aesthetic appeal of the concrete surface.

Concrete finishing can include a range of techniques, such as screeding, troweling, floating, and texturing. The type of finishing technique used depends on the specific application and desired finish. Some common concrete finishing applications include floors, walls, sidewalks, driveways, and countertops.

What are the different varieties of Concrete Finishes?

Concrete surfaces can be finished with several types of finishes, depending on their intended use and appearance. There are several types of concrete finishes, including:

• Smooth Trowel Finish: This is achieved by using a steel trowel to smooth the surface of the concrete, giving it a sleek and polished look. It is typically used for interior surfaces such as floors and walls.
• Broom Finish: This type of finish is created by running a broom over the surface of the concrete while it is still wet. This adds texture to the surface and provides slip resistance, making it ideal for outdoor surfaces such as sidewalks, driveways, and pool decks.
• Stamped Finish: A stamped finish is achieved by pressing a pattern into the surface of the wet concrete using a stamp or mold. This can create a variety of decorative patterns, such as brick or tile, and can be used for both indoor and outdoor surfaces.
• Exposed Aggregate Finish: This finish involves exposing the aggregate in the concrete surface by washing away the top layer of cement. This creates a textured, speckled surface that is often used for decorative purposes, such as on pathways, patios, and pool decks.
• Acid Stain Finish: An acid stain finish is achieved by applying an acid solution to the surface of the concrete, which reacts with the cement and creates a unique, variegated color. This can be used on both interior and exterior surfaces and provides a durable, long-lasting finish.
• Polished Finish: This is achieved by using special polishing machines and diamond pads to create a smooth, glossy surface on the concrete. This finish is often used for high-end flooring, countertops, and decorative elements.
• Salt Finish: A salt finish involves applying rock salt to the surface of the concrete while it is still wet. After the concrete dries, the salt is washed away, leaving a textured surface with small pits and indentations.
• Stucco Finish: A stucco finish is created by applying a thin layer of stucco to the surface of the concrete. This can be used to create a variety of textured patterns and designs and is often used for decorative walls and facades.

• Sandblasted Finish: A sandblasted finish is achieved by blasting the surface of the concrete with a high-pressure stream of sand, creating a rough, textured surface. This finish is often used for exterior walls and can be used to create a variety of patterns and designs.
• Burnished Finish: A burnished finish is created by using a power trowel to smooth and compact the surface of the concrete, creating a glossy, polished look. This finish is often used for high-traffic areas such as warehouses and garages.
• Water-Resistant Finish: A water-resistant finish involves applying a waterproof coating to the surface of the concrete to prevent water from penetrating and damaging the surface. This can be used on both interior and exterior surfaces and is often used for swimming pools, basements, and other areas that are prone to moisture.

Concrete finishes come in a variety of types, each offering unique benefits and aesthetic properties. Finishes are selected based on the intended use of concrete, as well as desired durability and appearance.

What are a few types of Concrete Finish Machines?

Concrete finishing machines can be used in a variety of construction projects, including:

• Power Trowels: These machines are used to create a smooth, flat finish on freshly poured concrete. They typically have a set of rotating blades that spin rapidly over the surface of the concrete, helping to smooth out any bumps or ridges.
• Screeds: These machines are used to level and smooth freshly poured concrete by dragging a long, flat board across the surface. They can be either manual or powered, and are commonly used in larger construction projects.
• Concrete Edgers: These machines are used to create a smooth, rounded edge on the perimeter of concrete slabs. They typically feature a rotating blade that runs along the edge of the concrete, smoothing it out and creating a uniform finish.

• Concrete Grinders: These machines are used to grind down rough or uneven concrete surfaces, removing any bumps or ridges and creating a smooth, even finish. They may be used prior to applying a new layer of concrete, or as a way to restore old or damaged concrete surfaces.
• Concrete Floats: These handheld tools are used to smooth out and level freshly poured concrete by pushing and pulling it across the surface. They can be made of wood, metal, or plastic, and are commonly used for smaller concrete projects.

What is the process of Finishing Concrete?

In concrete finishing, the top layer of freshly poured concrete is smoothed and even. Concrete can be finished in the following ways:

• Level the surface: Use a bull float to level the surface of the concrete. This is a long-handled tool with a flat, rectangular surface that you drag across the surface of the concrete to fill in any low spots and create a level surface.
• Smooth the surface: Use a magnesium float to smooth the surface of the concrete. This is a smaller, handheld tool that you use to work the concrete and smooth out any imperfections.
• Edge the concrete: Use an edging tool to create a clean edge along the perimeter of the concrete. This tool has a curved edge that you use to create a rounded edge on the concrete.
• Groove the surface: Use a grooving tool to create control joints in the concrete. This will help prevent cracks from forming as the concrete expands and contracts with changes in temperature and humidity.
• Apply a finishing touch: Depending on the desired finish, you can apply a final touch to the surface of the concrete.

Final Thoughts

In conclusion, finishing concrete is a critical step in creating a durable and aesthetically pleasing surface. The process involves leveling and smoothing the surface, creating clean edges, and applying the desired finishing touch.

To get more details, watch the following video tutorial.

Video Source: Mike Day Concrete

The right tools and techniques are necessary for achieving a successful finish, and it is recommended to hire a professional if you are not experienced in this area. With proper finishing, concrete can be transformed into a functional and attractive surface for a variety of applications.